This is a case report on a middle grade differentiated keratinized squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx in a 12-year-old boy. Squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx is very rare in children and adolescents and in older literature studies less than 70 cases have been reported in children. Histologically the same variants are present as in adults. The way to the final diagnosis of laryngeal carcinoma often takes longer in children because dysphonia or dyspnoe are often caused by other pediatric diseases, risk factors such as those found in adults cannot be elucidated and many symptoms can be due to incomplete development of the laryngeal skeleton. Generally speaking, prior radiation therapy of the neck region and papillomatosis have been described as risk factors. In rare cases translocations or mutations can play a causative role.
