Osseointegration of titanium implants after surface treatment with ultraviolet light or cold atmospheric plasma in vivo

TY - JOUR

T1 - Osseointegration of titanium implants after surface treatment with ultraviolet light or cold atmospheric plasma in vivo

AU - Henningsen, Anders

AU - Precht, Clarissa

AU - Karnatz, Nadia

AU - Bibiza, Eric

AU - Yan, Ming

AU - Guo, Linna

AU - Gosau, Martin

AU - Smeets, Ralf

PY - 2023/9/28

Y1 - 2023/9/28

N2 - PURPOSE: To determine the histological effects of ultraviolet light and cold atmospheric plasma treatment on the osseointegration of titanium implants in vivo.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six juvenile pigs were divided into three groups of two animals each. A total of 54 titanium implants were placed randomly in the pigs' calvarial bone (nine implants per pig). Of these, 18 implants served as untreated controls. The remaining 36 implants served as the experimental group and were treated with either ultraviolet light or argon plasma for 12 minutes each prior to insertion. Two pigs in each group were kept until 2, 4 and 8 weeks and then sacrificed. Resonance frequency analysis was conducted after implant placement and at the time of sacrifice. Osseointegration was evaluated using microcomputed tomography scans and histomorphometrical analysis.RESULTS: After initial loss, all implants showed a constant increase in implant stability quotient values over time without significant differences between the groups. The bone-implant contact values increased steadily for all implants over 8 weeks of healing. Surface-treated implants showed significantly higher bone-implant contact values compared to untreated implants at each time point. Bone area fraction occupancy values were almost always higher following both treatment methods; however, differences were only significant after 4 and 8 weeks for the cold atmospheric plasma group and after 4 weeks for the ultraviolet light group.CONCLUSIONS: Ultraviolet light and cold atmospheric plasma may improve histomorphometrical osseointegration of titanium implants significantly.

AB - PURPOSE: To determine the histological effects of ultraviolet light and cold atmospheric plasma treatment on the osseointegration of titanium implants in vivo.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six juvenile pigs were divided into three groups of two animals each. A total of 54 titanium implants were placed randomly in the pigs' calvarial bone (nine implants per pig). Of these, 18 implants served as untreated controls. The remaining 36 implants served as the experimental group and were treated with either ultraviolet light or argon plasma for 12 minutes each prior to insertion. Two pigs in each group were kept until 2, 4 and 8 weeks and then sacrificed. Resonance frequency analysis was conducted after implant placement and at the time of sacrifice. Osseointegration was evaluated using microcomputed tomography scans and histomorphometrical analysis.RESULTS: After initial loss, all implants showed a constant increase in implant stability quotient values over time without significant differences between the groups. The bone-implant contact values increased steadily for all implants over 8 weeks of healing. Surface-treated implants showed significantly higher bone-implant contact values compared to untreated implants at each time point. Bone area fraction occupancy values were almost always higher following both treatment methods; however, differences were only significant after 4 and 8 weeks for the cold atmospheric plasma group and after 4 weeks for the ultraviolet light group.CONCLUSIONS: Ultraviolet light and cold atmospheric plasma may improve histomorphometrical osseointegration of titanium implants significantly.

KW - Swine

KW - Animals

KW - Osseointegration

KW - Dental Implants

KW - Titanium

KW - Plasma Gases/pharmacology

KW - Ultraviolet Rays

KW - X-Ray Microtomography

KW - Surface Properties

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 37767615

VL - 16

SP - 197

EP - 208

JO - INT J ORAL IMPL

JF - INT J ORAL IMPL

SN - 2631-6420

IS - 3

ER -