Neuroimaging evidence for structural correlates in adolescents resilient to polysubstance use: A five-year follow-up study

TY - JOUR

T1 - Neuroimaging evidence for structural correlates in adolescents resilient to polysubstance use: A five-year follow-up study

AU - Filippi, Irina

AU - Galinowski, André

AU - Lemaître, Hervé

AU - Massot, Christian

AU - Zille, Pascal

AU - Frère, Pauline

AU - Miranda-Marcos, Rubén

AU - Trichard, Christian

AU - Guldner, Stella

AU - Vulser, Hélène

AU - Paillère-Martinot, Marie-Laure

AU - Quinlan, Erin Burke

AU - Desrivieres, Sylvane

AU - Gowland, Penny

AU - Bokde, Arun

AU - Garavan, Hugh

AU - Heinz, Andreas

AU - Walter, Henrik

AU - Daedelow, Laura

AU - Büchel, Christian

AU - Bromberg, Uli

AU - Conrod, Patricia J

AU - Flor, Herta

AU - Banaschewski, Tobias

AU - Nees, Frauke

AU - Heintz, Stefan

AU - Smolka, Michael

AU - Vetter, Nora C

AU - Papadopoulos-Orfanos, Dimitri

AU - Whelan, Robert

AU - Poustka, Louise

AU - Paus, Tomas

AU - Schumann, Gunter

AU - Artiges, Eric

AU - Martinot, Jean-Luc

AU - IMAGEN Consortium

N1 - Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2021/8

Y1 - 2021/8

N2 - Early initiation of polysubstance use (PSU) is a strong predictor of subsequent addiction, however scarce individuals present resilience capacity. This neuroimaging study aimed to investigate structural correlates associated with cessation or reduction of PSU and determine the extent to which brain structural features accounted for this resilient outcome. Participants from a European community-based cohort self-reported their alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use frequency at ages 14, 16 and 19 and had neuroimaging sessions at ages 14 and 19. We included three groups in the study: the resilient-to-PSU participants showed PSU at 16 and/or 14 but no more at 19 (n = 18), the enduring polysubstance users at 19 displayed PSU continuation from 14 or 16 (n = 193) and the controls were abstinent or low drinking participants (n = 460). We conducted between-group comparisons of grey matter volumes on whole brain using voxel-based morphometry and regional fractional anisotropy using tract-based spatial statistics. Random-forests machine-learning approach generated individual-level PSU-behavior predictions based on personality and neuroimaging features. Adolescents resilient to PSU showed significant larger grey matter volumes in the bilateral cingulate gyrus compared with enduring polysubstance users and controls at ages 19 and 14 (p<0.05 corrected) but no difference in fractional anisotropy. The larger cingulate volumes and personality trait "openness to experience" were the best precursors of resilience to PSU. Early in adolescence, a larger cingulate gyrus differentiated adolescents resilient to PSU, and this feature was critical in predicting this outcome. This study encourages further research into the neurobiological bases of resilience to addictive behaviors.

AB - Early initiation of polysubstance use (PSU) is a strong predictor of subsequent addiction, however scarce individuals present resilience capacity. This neuroimaging study aimed to investigate structural correlates associated with cessation or reduction of PSU and determine the extent to which brain structural features accounted for this resilient outcome. Participants from a European community-based cohort self-reported their alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use frequency at ages 14, 16 and 19 and had neuroimaging sessions at ages 14 and 19. We included three groups in the study: the resilient-to-PSU participants showed PSU at 16 and/or 14 but no more at 19 (n = 18), the enduring polysubstance users at 19 displayed PSU continuation from 14 or 16 (n = 193) and the controls were abstinent or low drinking participants (n = 460). We conducted between-group comparisons of grey matter volumes on whole brain using voxel-based morphometry and regional fractional anisotropy using tract-based spatial statistics. Random-forests machine-learning approach generated individual-level PSU-behavior predictions based on personality and neuroimaging features. Adolescents resilient to PSU showed significant larger grey matter volumes in the bilateral cingulate gyrus compared with enduring polysubstance users and controls at ages 19 and 14 (p<0.05 corrected) but no difference in fractional anisotropy. The larger cingulate volumes and personality trait "openness to experience" were the best precursors of resilience to PSU. Early in adolescence, a larger cingulate gyrus differentiated adolescents resilient to PSU, and this feature was critical in predicting this outcome. This study encourages further research into the neurobiological bases of resilience to addictive behaviors.

U2 - 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.03.001

DO - 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.03.001

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 33770525

VL - 49

SP - 11

EP - 22

JO - EUR NEUROPSYCHOPHARM

JF - EUR NEUROPSYCHOPHARM

SN - 0924-977X

ER -