The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the long-term orofacial development of Down children who received plate therapy according to Castillo Morales in their early childhood. The orofacial development of 27 Down children was documented before and after plate therapy and at a follow-up examination 13 years +/- 6 months after initiation of therapy. The orofacial appearance significantly improved during therapy (p = 0.00). During the follow-up, mouth posture remained stable (p = 0.259), whereas tongue position further improved (p = 0.034). A better long-term development was documented in children with initial severe orofacial dysfunctions.
