L-homoarginine and cardiovascular disease
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L-homoarginine and cardiovascular disease. / Atzler, Dorothee; Schwedhelm, Edzard; Choe, Chi-un.
in: CURR OPIN CLIN NUTR, Jahrgang 18, Nr. 1, 01.01.2015, S. 83-8.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz › Forschung › Begutachtung
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TY - JOUR
T1 - L-homoarginine and cardiovascular disease
AU - Atzler, Dorothee
AU - Schwedhelm, Edzard
AU - Choe, Chi-un
PY - 2015/1/1
Y1 - 2015/1/1
N2 - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: An increasing number of reports indicate that low levels of the endogenous amino acid L-homoarginine are linked to cardiovascular disease. In this article, we review the current findings regarding L-homoarginine metabolism and (patho-)physiology with a focus on its clinical impact.RECENT FINDINGS: Recent clinical and epidemiological studies revealed a strong association of low circulating L-homoarginine with cardiovascular outcomes and mortality. Human and murine studies identified L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) as the responsible enzyme for endogenous L-homoarginine formation, suggesting a further important function of AGAT apart from its involvement in creatine and energy metabolism. Further studies related L-homoarginine to smoking and hypertension, and metabolic phenotypes.SUMMARY: AGAT deficiency results in diminished intracellular energy stores (i.e., ATP and phosphocreatine), as well as a lack of L-homoarginine, and has been linked to an improved metabolic risk profile, but also to impaired cardiac and cerebrovascular function. L-homoarginine's structural similarity to L-arginine suggested physiological interference with L-arginine pathways (e.g., nitric oxide). Animal experiments and clinical trials are needed to improve knowledge on the physiology of L-homoarginine and differentiate its role as marker and mediator in cardiovascular disease.
AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: An increasing number of reports indicate that low levels of the endogenous amino acid L-homoarginine are linked to cardiovascular disease. In this article, we review the current findings regarding L-homoarginine metabolism and (patho-)physiology with a focus on its clinical impact.RECENT FINDINGS: Recent clinical and epidemiological studies revealed a strong association of low circulating L-homoarginine with cardiovascular outcomes and mortality. Human and murine studies identified L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) as the responsible enzyme for endogenous L-homoarginine formation, suggesting a further important function of AGAT apart from its involvement in creatine and energy metabolism. Further studies related L-homoarginine to smoking and hypertension, and metabolic phenotypes.SUMMARY: AGAT deficiency results in diminished intracellular energy stores (i.e., ATP and phosphocreatine), as well as a lack of L-homoarginine, and has been linked to an improved metabolic risk profile, but also to impaired cardiac and cerebrovascular function. L-homoarginine's structural similarity to L-arginine suggested physiological interference with L-arginine pathways (e.g., nitric oxide). Animal experiments and clinical trials are needed to improve knowledge on the physiology of L-homoarginine and differentiate its role as marker and mediator in cardiovascular disease.
U2 - 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000123
DO - 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000123
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 25474016
VL - 18
SP - 83
EP - 88
JO - CURR OPIN CLIN NUTR
JF - CURR OPIN CLIN NUTR
SN - 1363-1950
IS - 1
ER -