AIM: To determine whether a compliance-enhancing program could increase the level of lipid control in patients treated with rosuvastatin. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 8108 patients (56% men, mean age 59 years; 44% women, mean age 63 years) with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) >or=115 mg/dl if statin-naive or else >or=125 mg/dl were randomized to rosuvastatin 10 mg daily either with or without a compliance-enhancing program for 12 months. Patients not achieving the goal after 3 months were uptitrated to rosuvastatin 20 mg daily thereafter. At 3, 6, and 12 months, rosuvastatin plus compliance initiatives were similarly effective to rosuvastatin alone in terms of 1998 European LDL-C goal of less than 115 mg/dl achievement (72 vs. 70%, 71 vs. 69%, 68 vs. 68%) and changes in the lipid profile. Significant differences were observed in the subgroup of statin-naive patients at 3 and 6 months (80 vs. 76% and 78 vs. 73%, P
