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Human Decisions in Moral Dilemmas are Largely Described by Utilitarianism: Virtual Car Driving Study Provides Guidelines for Autonomous Driving Vehicles

Standard

Human Decisions in Moral Dilemmas are Largely Described by Utilitarianism: Virtual Car Driving Study Provides Guidelines for Autonomous Driving Vehicles. / Faulhaber, Anja K; Dittmer, Anke; Blind, Felix; Wächter, Maximilian A; Timm, Silja; Sütfeld, Leon R; Stephan, Achim; Pipa, Gordon; König, Peter.

in: SCI ENG ETHICS, Jahrgang 25, Nr. 2, 04.2019, S. 399-418.

Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz › Forschung › Begutachtung

Harvard

Faulhaber, AK, Dittmer, A, Blind, F, Wächter, MA, Timm, S, Sütfeld, LR, Stephan, A, Pipa, G & König, P 2019, 'Human Decisions in Moral Dilemmas are Largely Described by Utilitarianism: Virtual Car Driving Study Provides Guidelines for Autonomous Driving Vehicles', SCI ENG ETHICS, Jg. 25, Nr. 2, S. 399-418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-018-0020-x

APA

Faulhaber, A. K., Dittmer, A., Blind, F., Wächter, M. A., Timm, S., Sütfeld, L. R., Stephan, A., Pipa, G., & König, P. (2019). Human Decisions in Moral Dilemmas are Largely Described by Utilitarianism: Virtual Car Driving Study Provides Guidelines for Autonomous Driving Vehicles. SCI ENG ETHICS, 25(2), 399-418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-018-0020-x

Vancouver

Faulhaber AK, Dittmer A, Blind F, Wächter MA, Timm S, Sütfeld LR et al. Human Decisions in Moral Dilemmas are Largely Described by Utilitarianism: Virtual Car Driving Study Provides Guidelines for Autonomous Driving Vehicles. SCI ENG ETHICS. 2019 Apr;25(2):399-418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-018-0020-x

Bibtex

@article{b27bb7d76592438b9c1616a51262ae23,
title = "Human Decisions in Moral Dilemmas are Largely Described by Utilitarianism: Virtual Car Driving Study Provides Guidelines for Autonomous Driving Vehicles",
abstract = "Ethical thought experiments such as the trolley dilemma have been investigated extensively in the past, showing that humans act in utilitarian ways, trying to cause as little overall damage as possible. These trolley dilemmas have gained renewed attention over the past few years, especially due to the necessity of implementing moral decisions in autonomous driving vehicles (ADVs). We conducted a set of experiments in which participants experienced modified trolley dilemmas as drivers in virtual reality environments. Participants had to make decisions between driving in one of two lanes where different obstacles came into view. Eventually, the participants had to decide which of the objects they would crash into. Obstacles included a variety of human-like avatars of different ages and group sizes. Furthermore, the influence of sidewalks as potential safe harbors and a condition implicating self-sacrifice were tested. Results showed that participants, in general, decided in a utilitarian manner, sparing the highest number of avatars possible with a limited influence by the other variables. Derived from these findings, which are in line with the utilitarian approach in moral decision making, it will be argued for an obligatory ethics setting implemented in ADVs.",
keywords = "Journal Article",
author = "Faulhaber, {Anja K} and Anke Dittmer and Felix Blind and W{\"a}chter, {Maximilian A} and Silja Timm and S{\"u}tfeld, {Leon R} and Achim Stephan and Gordon Pipa and Peter K{\"o}nig",
year = "2019",
month = apr,
doi = "10.1007/s11948-018-0020-x",
language = "English",
volume = "25",
pages = "399--418",
journal = "SCI ENG ETHICS",
issn = "1353-3452",
publisher = "Springer Netherlands",
number = "2",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Human Decisions in Moral Dilemmas are Largely Described by Utilitarianism: Virtual Car Driving Study Provides Guidelines for Autonomous Driving Vehicles

AU - Faulhaber, Anja K

AU - Dittmer, Anke

AU - Blind, Felix

AU - Wächter, Maximilian A

AU - Timm, Silja

AU - Sütfeld, Leon R

AU - Stephan, Achim

AU - Pipa, Gordon

AU - König, Peter

PY - 2019/4

Y1 - 2019/4

N2 - Ethical thought experiments such as the trolley dilemma have been investigated extensively in the past, showing that humans act in utilitarian ways, trying to cause as little overall damage as possible. These trolley dilemmas have gained renewed attention over the past few years, especially due to the necessity of implementing moral decisions in autonomous driving vehicles (ADVs). We conducted a set of experiments in which participants experienced modified trolley dilemmas as drivers in virtual reality environments. Participants had to make decisions between driving in one of two lanes where different obstacles came into view. Eventually, the participants had to decide which of the objects they would crash into. Obstacles included a variety of human-like avatars of different ages and group sizes. Furthermore, the influence of sidewalks as potential safe harbors and a condition implicating self-sacrifice were tested. Results showed that participants, in general, decided in a utilitarian manner, sparing the highest number of avatars possible with a limited influence by the other variables. Derived from these findings, which are in line with the utilitarian approach in moral decision making, it will be argued for an obligatory ethics setting implemented in ADVs.

AB - Ethical thought experiments such as the trolley dilemma have been investigated extensively in the past, showing that humans act in utilitarian ways, trying to cause as little overall damage as possible. These trolley dilemmas have gained renewed attention over the past few years, especially due to the necessity of implementing moral decisions in autonomous driving vehicles (ADVs). We conducted a set of experiments in which participants experienced modified trolley dilemmas as drivers in virtual reality environments. Participants had to make decisions between driving in one of two lanes where different obstacles came into view. Eventually, the participants had to decide which of the objects they would crash into. Obstacles included a variety of human-like avatars of different ages and group sizes. Furthermore, the influence of sidewalks as potential safe harbors and a condition implicating self-sacrifice were tested. Results showed that participants, in general, decided in a utilitarian manner, sparing the highest number of avatars possible with a limited influence by the other variables. Derived from these findings, which are in line with the utilitarian approach in moral decision making, it will be argued for an obligatory ethics setting implemented in ADVs.

KW - Journal Article

U2 - 10.1007/s11948-018-0020-x

DO - 10.1007/s11948-018-0020-x

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 29357047

VL - 25

SP - 399

EP - 418

JO - SCI ENG ETHICS

JF - SCI ENG ETHICS

SN - 1353-3452

IS - 2

ER -