High-flavonol tomatoes resulting from the heterologous expression of the maize transcription factor genes LC and C1.
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High-flavonol tomatoes resulting from the heterologous expression of the maize transcription factor genes LC and C1. / Bovy, Arnaud; de Vos, Ric; Kemper, Markus J.; Schijlen, Elio; Maria, Almenar Pertejo; Muir, Shelagh; Collins, Geoff; Robinson, Sue; Verhoeyen, Martine; Hughes, Steve; Santos-Buelga, Celestino; van Tunen, Arjen.
in: PLANT CELL, Jahrgang 14, Nr. 10, 10, 2002, S. 2509-2526.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz › Forschung › Begutachtung
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TY - JOUR
T1 - High-flavonol tomatoes resulting from the heterologous expression of the maize transcription factor genes LC and C1.
AU - Bovy, Arnaud
AU - de Vos, Ric
AU - Kemper, Markus J.
AU - Schijlen, Elio
AU - Maria, Almenar Pertejo
AU - Muir, Shelagh
AU - Collins, Geoff
AU - Robinson, Sue
AU - Verhoeyen, Martine
AU - Hughes, Steve
AU - Santos-Buelga, Celestino
AU - van Tunen, Arjen
PY - 2002
Y1 - 2002
N2 - Flavonoids are a group of polyphenolic plant secondary metabolites important for plant biology and human nutrition. In particular flavonols are potent antioxidants, and their dietary intake is correlated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. Tomato fruit contain only in their peel small amounts of flavonoids, mainly naringenin chalcone and the flavonol rutin, a quercetin glycoside. To increase flavonoid levels in tomato, we expressed the maize transcription factor genes LC and C1 in the fruit of genetically modified tomato plants. Expression of both genes was required and sufficient to upregulate the flavonoid pathway in tomato fruit flesh, a tissue that normally does not produce any flavonoids. These fruit accumulated high levels of the flavonol kaempferol and, to a lesser extent, the flavanone naringenin in their flesh. All flavonoids detected were present as glycosides. Anthocyanins, previously reported to accumulate upon LC expression in several plant species, were present in LC/C1 tomato leaves but could not be detected in ripe LC/C1 fruit. RNA expression analysis of ripening fruit revealed that, with the exception of chalcone isomerase, all of the structural genes required for the production of kaempferol-type flavonols and pelargonidin-type anthocyanins were induced strongly by the LC/C1 transcription factors. Expression of the genes encoding flavanone-3'-hydroxylase and flavanone-3'5'-hydroxylase, which are required for the modification of B-ring hydroxylation patterns, was not affected by LC/C1. Comparison of flavonoid profiles and gene expression data between tomato leaves and fruit indicates that the absence of anthocyanins in LC/C1 fruit is attributable primarily to an insufficient expression of the gene encoding flavanone-3'5'-hydroxylase, in combination with a strong preference of the tomato dihydroflavonol reductase enzyme to use the flavanone-3'5'-hydroxylase reaction product dihydromyricetin as a substrate.
AB - Flavonoids are a group of polyphenolic plant secondary metabolites important for plant biology and human nutrition. In particular flavonols are potent antioxidants, and their dietary intake is correlated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. Tomato fruit contain only in their peel small amounts of flavonoids, mainly naringenin chalcone and the flavonol rutin, a quercetin glycoside. To increase flavonoid levels in tomato, we expressed the maize transcription factor genes LC and C1 in the fruit of genetically modified tomato plants. Expression of both genes was required and sufficient to upregulate the flavonoid pathway in tomato fruit flesh, a tissue that normally does not produce any flavonoids. These fruit accumulated high levels of the flavonol kaempferol and, to a lesser extent, the flavanone naringenin in their flesh. All flavonoids detected were present as glycosides. Anthocyanins, previously reported to accumulate upon LC expression in several plant species, were present in LC/C1 tomato leaves but could not be detected in ripe LC/C1 fruit. RNA expression analysis of ripening fruit revealed that, with the exception of chalcone isomerase, all of the structural genes required for the production of kaempferol-type flavonols and pelargonidin-type anthocyanins were induced strongly by the LC/C1 transcription factors. Expression of the genes encoding flavanone-3'-hydroxylase and flavanone-3'5'-hydroxylase, which are required for the modification of B-ring hydroxylation patterns, was not affected by LC/C1. Comparison of flavonoid profiles and gene expression data between tomato leaves and fruit indicates that the absence of anthocyanins in LC/C1 fruit is attributable primarily to an insufficient expression of the gene encoding flavanone-3'5'-hydroxylase, in combination with a strong preference of the tomato dihydroflavonol reductase enzyme to use the flavanone-3'5'-hydroxylase reaction product dihydromyricetin as a substrate.
KW - Phenotype
KW - Light
KW - Molecular Structure
KW - Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism
KW - Alcohol Oxidoreductases/genetics/metabolism
KW - Anthocyanins/biosynthesis/chemistry
KW - Flavanones
KW - Flavonoids/biosynthesis/chemistry
KW - Fruit/metabolism
KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
KW - Hydroxylation
KW - Kaempferols
KW - Lycopersicon esculentum/chemistry/genetics/metabolism
KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases/genetics/metabolism
KW - Pigments, Biological/biosynthesis/chemistry
KW - Plant Leaves/metabolism
KW - Plants, Genetically Modified
KW - Quercetin/biosynthesis/chemistry
KW - Zea mays/genetics
KW - Phenotype
KW - Light
KW - Molecular Structure
KW - Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism
KW - Alcohol Oxidoreductases/genetics/metabolism
KW - Anthocyanins/biosynthesis/chemistry
KW - Flavanones
KW - Flavonoids/biosynthesis/chemistry
KW - Fruit/metabolism
KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
KW - Hydroxylation
KW - Kaempferols
KW - Lycopersicon esculentum/chemistry/genetics/metabolism
KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases/genetics/metabolism
KW - Pigments, Biological/biosynthesis/chemistry
KW - Plant Leaves/metabolism
KW - Plants, Genetically Modified
KW - Quercetin/biosynthesis/chemistry
KW - Zea mays/genetics
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
VL - 14
SP - 2509
EP - 2526
JO - PLANT CELL
JF - PLANT CELL
SN - 1040-4651
IS - 10
M1 - 10
ER -