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Heroin as an attachment substitute? Differences in attachment representations between opioid, ecstasy and cannabis abusers.

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Heroin as an attachment substitute? Differences in attachment representations between opioid, ecstasy and cannabis abusers. / Schindler, Andreas; Thomasius, Rainer; Petersen, Kay Uwe; Sack, Peter-Michael.

in: ATTACH HUM DEV, Jahrgang 11, Nr. 3, 3, 2009, S. 307-330.

Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz › Forschung › Begutachtung

Harvard

Schindler, A, Thomasius, R, Petersen, KU & Sack, P-M 2009, 'Heroin as an attachment substitute? Differences in attachment representations between opioid, ecstasy and cannabis abusers.', ATTACH HUM DEV, Jg. 11, Nr. 3, 3, S. 307-330. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19455456?dopt=Citation>

APA

Schindler, A., Thomasius, R., Petersen, K. U., & Sack, P-M. (2009). Heroin as an attachment substitute? Differences in attachment representations between opioid, ecstasy and cannabis abusers. ATTACH HUM DEV, 11(3), 307-330. [3]. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19455456?dopt=Citation

Vancouver

Schindler A, Thomasius R, Petersen KU, Sack P-M. Heroin as an attachment substitute? Differences in attachment representations between opioid, ecstasy and cannabis abusers. ATTACH HUM DEV. 2009;11(3):307-330. 3.

Bibtex

@article{ecc0818a52c94392a3031f79e3d34101,
title = "Heroin as an attachment substitute? Differences in attachment representations between opioid, ecstasy and cannabis abusers.",
abstract = "Earlier studies indicated a relation between fearful-avoidant attachment and substance abuse. This study compares attachment representations (Family Attachment Interview; Bartholomew ; Horowitz, 1991) of three groups of substance abusers and non-clinical controls. Heroin abusers (N = 22) were mainly fearful-avoidant, ecstasy abusers (N = 31) were preoccupied, fearful-avoidant and dismissing-avoidant, cannabis abusers (N = 19) were mainly dismissing and secure, and controls (N = 22) were mainly secure. Groups did differ in their level of psychosocial functioning (GAF) (cannabis > ecstasy > opioids). Differences in attachment prevailed when GAF was controlled. Based on the self-medication hypothesis we understand the preferences for specific substances to be influenced by specific attachment strategies. Heroin seems to be used as an emotional substitute for lacking coping strategies. Cannabis seems to be used to support existing deactivating and distancing strategies. Ecstasy abuse was related to insecure attachment but not to a specific attachment strategy.",
author = "Andreas Schindler and Rainer Thomasius and Petersen, {Kay Uwe} and Peter-Michael Sack",
year = "2009",
language = "Deutsch",
volume = "11",
pages = "307--330",
journal = "ATTACH HUM DEV",
issn = "1461-6734",
publisher = "Routledge",
number = "3",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Heroin as an attachment substitute? Differences in attachment representations between opioid, ecstasy and cannabis abusers.

AU - Schindler, Andreas

AU - Thomasius, Rainer

AU - Petersen, Kay Uwe

AU - Sack, Peter-Michael

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - Earlier studies indicated a relation between fearful-avoidant attachment and substance abuse. This study compares attachment representations (Family Attachment Interview; Bartholomew ; Horowitz, 1991) of three groups of substance abusers and non-clinical controls. Heroin abusers (N = 22) were mainly fearful-avoidant, ecstasy abusers (N = 31) were preoccupied, fearful-avoidant and dismissing-avoidant, cannabis abusers (N = 19) were mainly dismissing and secure, and controls (N = 22) were mainly secure. Groups did differ in their level of psychosocial functioning (GAF) (cannabis > ecstasy > opioids). Differences in attachment prevailed when GAF was controlled. Based on the self-medication hypothesis we understand the preferences for specific substances to be influenced by specific attachment strategies. Heroin seems to be used as an emotional substitute for lacking coping strategies. Cannabis seems to be used to support existing deactivating and distancing strategies. Ecstasy abuse was related to insecure attachment but not to a specific attachment strategy.

AB - Earlier studies indicated a relation between fearful-avoidant attachment and substance abuse. This study compares attachment representations (Family Attachment Interview; Bartholomew ; Horowitz, 1991) of three groups of substance abusers and non-clinical controls. Heroin abusers (N = 22) were mainly fearful-avoidant, ecstasy abusers (N = 31) were preoccupied, fearful-avoidant and dismissing-avoidant, cannabis abusers (N = 19) were mainly dismissing and secure, and controls (N = 22) were mainly secure. Groups did differ in their level of psychosocial functioning (GAF) (cannabis > ecstasy > opioids). Differences in attachment prevailed when GAF was controlled. Based on the self-medication hypothesis we understand the preferences for specific substances to be influenced by specific attachment strategies. Heroin seems to be used as an emotional substitute for lacking coping strategies. Cannabis seems to be used to support existing deactivating and distancing strategies. Ecstasy abuse was related to insecure attachment but not to a specific attachment strategy.

M3 - SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz

VL - 11

SP - 307

EP - 330

JO - ATTACH HUM DEV

JF - ATTACH HUM DEV

SN - 1461-6734

IS - 3

M1 - 3

ER -