Hazardous drinking and alcohol use disorders
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Hazardous drinking and alcohol use disorders. / MacKillop, James; Agabio, Roberta; Feldstein Ewing, Sarah W; Heilig, Markus; Kelly, John F; Leggio, Lorenzo; Lingford-Hughes, Anne; Palmer, Abraham A; Parry, Charles D; Ray, Lara; Rehm, Jürgen.
in: NAT REV DIS PRIMERS, Jahrgang 8, Nr. 1, 80, 22.12.2022.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz › Forschung › Begutachtung
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Hazardous drinking and alcohol use disorders
AU - MacKillop, James
AU - Agabio, Roberta
AU - Feldstein Ewing, Sarah W
AU - Heilig, Markus
AU - Kelly, John F
AU - Leggio, Lorenzo
AU - Lingford-Hughes, Anne
AU - Palmer, Abraham A
AU - Parry, Charles D
AU - Ray, Lara
AU - Rehm, Jürgen
N1 - © 2022. Springer Nature Limited.
PY - 2022/12/22
Y1 - 2022/12/22
N2 - Alcohol is one of the most widely consumed psychoactive drugs globally. Hazardous drinking, defined by quantity and frequency of consumption, is associated with acute and chronic morbidity. Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are psychiatric syndromes characterized by impaired control over drinking and other symptoms. Contemporary aetiological perspectives on AUDs apply a biopsychosocial framework that emphasizes the interplay of genetics, neurobiology, psychology, and an individual's social and societal context. There is strong evidence that AUDs are genetically influenced, but with a complex polygenic architecture. Likewise, there is robust evidence for environmental influences, such as adverse childhood exposures and maladaptive developmental trajectories. Well-established biological and psychological determinants of AUDs include neuroadaptive changes following persistent use, differences in brain structure and function, and motivational determinants including overvaluation of alcohol reinforcement, acute effects of environmental triggers and stress, elevations in multiple facets of impulsivity, and lack of alternative reinforcers. Social factors include bidirectional roles of social networks and sociocultural influences, such as public health control strategies and social determinants of health. An array of evidence-based approaches for reducing alcohol harms are available, including screening, pharmacotherapies, psychological interventions and policy strategies, but are substantially underused. Priorities for the field include translating advances in basic biobehavioural research into novel clinical applications and, in turn, promoting widespread implementation of evidence-based clinical approaches in practice and health-care systems.
AB - Alcohol is one of the most widely consumed psychoactive drugs globally. Hazardous drinking, defined by quantity and frequency of consumption, is associated with acute and chronic morbidity. Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are psychiatric syndromes characterized by impaired control over drinking and other symptoms. Contemporary aetiological perspectives on AUDs apply a biopsychosocial framework that emphasizes the interplay of genetics, neurobiology, psychology, and an individual's social and societal context. There is strong evidence that AUDs are genetically influenced, but with a complex polygenic architecture. Likewise, there is robust evidence for environmental influences, such as adverse childhood exposures and maladaptive developmental trajectories. Well-established biological and psychological determinants of AUDs include neuroadaptive changes following persistent use, differences in brain structure and function, and motivational determinants including overvaluation of alcohol reinforcement, acute effects of environmental triggers and stress, elevations in multiple facets of impulsivity, and lack of alternative reinforcers. Social factors include bidirectional roles of social networks and sociocultural influences, such as public health control strategies and social determinants of health. An array of evidence-based approaches for reducing alcohol harms are available, including screening, pharmacotherapies, psychological interventions and policy strategies, but are substantially underused. Priorities for the field include translating advances in basic biobehavioural research into novel clinical applications and, in turn, promoting widespread implementation of evidence-based clinical approaches in practice and health-care systems.
KW - Humans
KW - Child
KW - Alcoholism/epidemiology
U2 - 10.1038/s41572-022-00406-1
DO - 10.1038/s41572-022-00406-1
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 36550121
VL - 8
JO - NAT REV DIS PRIMERS
JF - NAT REV DIS PRIMERS
SN - 2056-676X
IS - 1
M1 - 80
ER -