Do attitudes towards persons with mental illness worsen during the course of life? An age-period-cohort analysis

TY - JOUR

T1 - Do attitudes towards persons with mental illness worsen during the course of life? An age-period-cohort analysis

AU - Schomerus, G

AU - Van der Auwera, S

AU - Matschinger, H

AU - Baumeister, S E

AU - Angermeyer, M C

N1 - © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

PY - 2015/11

Y1 - 2015/11

N2 - OBJECTIVE: Cross-sectional studies frequently find higher age associated with negative attitudes towards persons with mental illness. We explore whether attitudes worsen over the life span, or follow a cohort pattern.METHOD: Using data from three identical population surveys in Germany from 1990, 2001 and 2011 (combined sample n = 7835), we performed age-period-cohort analyses determining the association of age, time period and birth-cohort with social distance from a person with either depression (n = 3910) or schizophrenia (n = 3925), using linear and nonlinear partial least squares regression models.RESULTS: Social distance increases with age, independent from cohort and period effects, cumulating to an increase of 2.4 (schizophrenia) and 2.3 (depression) on the 28 point social distance scale over the life span (youngest to oldest participant). We found a cohort effect in depression, but not schizophrenia, with decreasing social distance until 1970 and a slight increase in younger cohorts. Period effects were visible particularly in schizophrenia, with growing social distance over time.CONCLUSION: Considering demographic change and the vulnerability of older persons to severe outcomes of mental illness such as suicide, the observed increase of negative attitudes over the life span seems highly relevant. We discuss the role of conservatism and preferences for agreeable social contacts in older age.

AB - OBJECTIVE: Cross-sectional studies frequently find higher age associated with negative attitudes towards persons with mental illness. We explore whether attitudes worsen over the life span, or follow a cohort pattern.METHOD: Using data from three identical population surveys in Germany from 1990, 2001 and 2011 (combined sample n = 7835), we performed age-period-cohort analyses determining the association of age, time period and birth-cohort with social distance from a person with either depression (n = 3910) or schizophrenia (n = 3925), using linear and nonlinear partial least squares regression models.RESULTS: Social distance increases with age, independent from cohort and period effects, cumulating to an increase of 2.4 (schizophrenia) and 2.3 (depression) on the 28 point social distance scale over the life span (youngest to oldest participant). We found a cohort effect in depression, but not schizophrenia, with decreasing social distance until 1970 and a slight increase in younger cohorts. Period effects were visible particularly in schizophrenia, with growing social distance over time.CONCLUSION: Considering demographic change and the vulnerability of older persons to severe outcomes of mental illness such as suicide, the observed increase of negative attitudes over the life span seems highly relevant. We discuss the role of conservatism and preferences for agreeable social contacts in older age.

U2 - 10.1111/acps.12401

DO - 10.1111/acps.12401

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 25676686

VL - 132

SP - 357

EP - 364

JO - ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND

JF - ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND

SN - 0001-690X

IS - 5

ER -