Differences of the tumour cell glycocalyx affect binding of capsaicin-loaded chitosan nanocapsules

TY - JOUR

T1 - Differences of the tumour cell glycocalyx affect binding of capsaicin-loaded chitosan nanocapsules

AU - von Palubitzki, Lydia

AU - Wang, Yuanyuan

AU - Hoffmann, Stefan

AU - Vidal-Y-Sy, Sabine

AU - Zobiak, Bernd

AU - Failla, Antonio V

AU - Schmage, Petra

AU - John, Axel

AU - Osorio-Madrazo, Anayancy

AU - Bauer, Alexander T

AU - Schneider, Stefan W

AU - Goycoolea, Francisco M

AU - Gorzelanny, Christian

PY - 2020/12/31

Y1 - 2020/12/31

N2 - The glycocalyx regulates the interaction of mammalian cells with extracellular molecules, such as cytokines. However, it is unknown to which extend the glycocalyx of distinct cancer cells control the binding and uptake of nanoparticles. In the present study, exome sequencing data of cancer patients and analysis of distinct melanoma and bladder cancer cell lines suggested differences in cancer cell-exposed glycocalyx components such as heparan sulphate. Our data indicate that glycocalyx differences affected the binding of cationic chitosan nanocapsules (Chi-NCs). The pronounced glycocalyx of bladder cancer cells enhanced the internalisation of nanoencapsulated capsaicin. Consequently, capsaicin induced apoptosis in the cancer cells, but not in the less glycosylated benign urothelial cells. Moreover, we measured counterion condensation on highly negatively charged heparan sulphate chains. Counterion condensation triggered a cooperative binding of Chi-NCs, characterised by a weak binding rate at low Chi-NC doses and a strongly increased binding rate at high Chi-NC concentrations. Our results indicate that the glycocalyx of tumour cells controls the binding and biological activity of nanoparticles. This has to be considered for the design of tumour cell directed nanocarriers to improve the delivery of cytotoxic drugs. Differential nanoparticle binding may also be useful to discriminate tumour cells from healthy cells.

AB - The glycocalyx regulates the interaction of mammalian cells with extracellular molecules, such as cytokines. However, it is unknown to which extend the glycocalyx of distinct cancer cells control the binding and uptake of nanoparticles. In the present study, exome sequencing data of cancer patients and analysis of distinct melanoma and bladder cancer cell lines suggested differences in cancer cell-exposed glycocalyx components such as heparan sulphate. Our data indicate that glycocalyx differences affected the binding of cationic chitosan nanocapsules (Chi-NCs). The pronounced glycocalyx of bladder cancer cells enhanced the internalisation of nanoencapsulated capsaicin. Consequently, capsaicin induced apoptosis in the cancer cells, but not in the less glycosylated benign urothelial cells. Moreover, we measured counterion condensation on highly negatively charged heparan sulphate chains. Counterion condensation triggered a cooperative binding of Chi-NCs, characterised by a weak binding rate at low Chi-NC doses and a strongly increased binding rate at high Chi-NC concentrations. Our results indicate that the glycocalyx of tumour cells controls the binding and biological activity of nanoparticles. This has to be considered for the design of tumour cell directed nanocarriers to improve the delivery of cytotoxic drugs. Differential nanoparticle binding may also be useful to discriminate tumour cells from healthy cells.

U2 - 10.1038/s41598-020-79882-y

DO - 10.1038/s41598-020-79882-y

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 33384430

VL - 10

SP - 22443

JO - SCI REP-UK

JF - SCI REP-UK

SN - 2045-2322

IS - 1

ER -