Die isolierte abdominelle Aortendissektion (IAAD) - eine seltene Entität mit Besonderheiten

Isolated acute abdominal aortic dissection (IAAD) is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition that only accounts for 1.3% of all aortic dissections. Hypertension and a pre-existing abdominal aortic aneurysm are frequently associated with IAAD and males are predominantly affected. The clinical symptoms at presentation vary and contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the aorta should be carried out to confirm the diagnosis. Complications due to impaired perfusion seem to occur more frequently in patients with IAAD compared to patients with type B dissections and require immediate invasive treatment. Treatment options are endovascular, open surgery or a combined approach depending on the underlying pathology and the general condition of the patient. Conservative medicinal treatment of IAAD is administered in approximately 30% of cases but seems to be associated with a poor outcome. Due to the rare occurrence of IAAD there are no long-term follow-up data currently available.