Cross-term-compensated pulsed-gradient stimulated echo MR with asymmetric gradient pulse lengths.

TY - JOUR

T1 - Cross-term-compensated pulsed-gradient stimulated echo MR with asymmetric gradient pulse lengths.

AU - Finsterbusch, Jürgen

PY - 2008

Y1 - 2008

N2 - The magic asymmetric gradient stimulated echo (MAGSTE) sequence developed to compensate background-gradient cross-terms in the preparation and readout interval independently, assumes identical lengths for the two gradient pulses applied in each interval. However, this approach is rather inefficient if some extra delay time is present in one half of an interval, e.g. as required for special RF excitations or spatial encoding prior to the stimulated echo in MR imaging. Therefore, a generalized version of the sequence is presented that considers different gradient pulse lengths within an interval. It is shown theoretically that (i) for any pulse lengths a "magic" amplitude ratio exists which ensures the desired cross-term compensation in each interval and that (ii) prolonging one of the gradients can deliver a considerably higher diffusion weighting efficiency. These results are confirmed in MR imaging experiments on phantoms and in vivo in the human brain at 3T using an echo-planar trajectory. In the examples shown, typically 10 times higher b values can be achieved or an echo time reduction with a 40% signal gain in brain white matter. Thus, in case of asymmetric timing requirements, the generalized MAGSTE sequence with different gradient pulse lengths may help to overcome signal-to-noise limitations in diffusion weighted MR.

AB - The magic asymmetric gradient stimulated echo (MAGSTE) sequence developed to compensate background-gradient cross-terms in the preparation and readout interval independently, assumes identical lengths for the two gradient pulses applied in each interval. However, this approach is rather inefficient if some extra delay time is present in one half of an interval, e.g. as required for special RF excitations or spatial encoding prior to the stimulated echo in MR imaging. Therefore, a generalized version of the sequence is presented that considers different gradient pulse lengths within an interval. It is shown theoretically that (i) for any pulse lengths a "magic" amplitude ratio exists which ensures the desired cross-term compensation in each interval and that (ii) prolonging one of the gradients can deliver a considerably higher diffusion weighting efficiency. These results are confirmed in MR imaging experiments on phantoms and in vivo in the human brain at 3T using an echo-planar trajectory. In the examples shown, typically 10 times higher b values can be achieved or an echo time reduction with a 40% signal gain in brain white matter. Thus, in case of asymmetric timing requirements, the generalized MAGSTE sequence with different gradient pulse lengths may help to overcome signal-to-noise limitations in diffusion weighted MR.

M3 - SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz

VL - 193

SP - 41

EP - 48

JO - J MAGN RESON

JF - J MAGN RESON

SN - 1090-7807

IS - 1

M1 - 1

ER -