Community violence exposure correlates with smaller gray matter volume and lower IQ in urban adolescents
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Community violence exposure correlates with smaller gray matter volume and lower IQ in urban adolescents. / Butler, Oisin; Yang, Xiao-Fei; Laube, Corinna; Kühn, Simone; Immordino-Yang, Mary Helen.
in: HUM BRAIN MAPP, Jahrgang 39, Nr. 5, 05.2018, S. 2088-2097.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz › Forschung › Begutachtung
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Community violence exposure correlates with smaller gray matter volume and lower IQ in urban adolescents
AU - Butler, Oisin
AU - Yang, Xiao-Fei
AU - Laube, Corinna
AU - Kühn, Simone
AU - Immordino-Yang, Mary Helen
N1 - © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PY - 2018/5
Y1 - 2018/5
N2 - Adolescents' exposure to community violence is a significant public health issue in urban settings and has been associated with poorer cognitive performance and increased risk for psychiatric illnesses, including PTSD. However, no study to date has investigated the neural correlates of community violence exposure in adolescents. Sixty-five healthy adolescents (age = 14-18 years; 36 females, 29 males) from moderate- to high-crime neighborhoods in Los Angeles reported their violence exposure, parents' education level, and free/reduced school lunch status (socio-economic status, SES), and underwent structural neuroimaging and intelligence testing. Violence exposure negatively correlated with measures of SES, IQ, and gray matter volume. Above and beyond the effect of SES, violence exposure negatively correlated with IQ and with gray matter volume in the left inferior frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex, regions involved in high-level cognitive functions and autonomic modulation, and previously shown to be reduced in PTSD and combat-exposed military populations. The current results provide first evidence that frontal brain regions involved in cognition and affect appear to be selectively affected by exposure to community violence, even in healthy nondelinquent adolescents who are not the direct victims or perpetrators of violence.
AB - Adolescents' exposure to community violence is a significant public health issue in urban settings and has been associated with poorer cognitive performance and increased risk for psychiatric illnesses, including PTSD. However, no study to date has investigated the neural correlates of community violence exposure in adolescents. Sixty-five healthy adolescents (age = 14-18 years; 36 females, 29 males) from moderate- to high-crime neighborhoods in Los Angeles reported their violence exposure, parents' education level, and free/reduced school lunch status (socio-economic status, SES), and underwent structural neuroimaging and intelligence testing. Violence exposure negatively correlated with measures of SES, IQ, and gray matter volume. Above and beyond the effect of SES, violence exposure negatively correlated with IQ and with gray matter volume in the left inferior frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex, regions involved in high-level cognitive functions and autonomic modulation, and previously shown to be reduced in PTSD and combat-exposed military populations. The current results provide first evidence that frontal brain regions involved in cognition and affect appear to be selectively affected by exposure to community violence, even in healthy nondelinquent adolescents who are not the direct victims or perpetrators of violence.
KW - Journal Article
KW - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
KW - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
U2 - 10.1002/hbm.23988
DO - 10.1002/hbm.23988
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 29450935
VL - 39
SP - 2088
EP - 2097
JO - HUM BRAIN MAPP
JF - HUM BRAIN MAPP
SN - 1065-9471
IS - 5
ER -
