Administration of novel dyes for intraocular surgery

TY - JOUR

T1 - Administration of novel dyes for intraocular surgery

T2 - an in vivo toxicity animal study

AU - Schuettauf, Frank

AU - Haritoglou, Christos

AU - May, Christian A

AU - Rejdak, Robert

AU - Mankowska, Anna

AU - Freyer, Wolfgang

AU - Eibl, Kirsten

AU - Zrenner, Eberhart

AU - Kampik, Anselm

AU - Thaler, Sebastian

PY - 2006/8

Y1 - 2006/8

N2 - PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of intravitreal injections of new vital dyes on the retina, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the choroid in an in vivo rat model.METHODS: Rats were injected intravitreally with four dyes: light-green SF yellowish (LGSF), copper(II)phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonic acid (E68), bromphenol blue (BPB), and Chicago blue (CB) dissolved in physiologic saline solution (PSS) at concentrations of 0.5% and 0.02%. PSS served as the control. Additional animals were treated with single injections of 0.5%, 0.02%, 0.002%, and 0.0002% ICG or 0.002% E68 into one eye. Adverse effects on anterior and posterior segments were evaluated by slit lamp biomicroscopy and ophthalmoscopy. Retinal toxicity was assessed by histology and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) quantification 7 days after dye administration.RESULTS: Eyes treated with 0.5% E68, 0.5% ICG, or 0.5% CB showed discrete staining of both cornea and lens not seen at lower concentrations or with other dyes. Histology revealed dose-dependent reactions after E68 administration. ICG 0.5% induced significant thinning of inner retinal layers compared with PSS. ICG 0.02% caused focal degenerative changes of the outer retina in three of seven eyes, whereas 0.002% and 0.0002% ICG did not. CB led to heterogeneous morphologic alterations. BPB- or LGSF-treated eyes showed normal retinal morphology. ICG at all tested concentrations induced significant RGC loss, as did E68 at 0.5% but not at lower concentrations.CONCLUSIONS: BPB or LGSF produced no significantly detectable toxic effects on the retina in vivo. The safety of these new dyes must be established in other models and/or in preclinical studies before the clinical use of any of these dyes.

AB - PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of intravitreal injections of new vital dyes on the retina, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the choroid in an in vivo rat model.METHODS: Rats were injected intravitreally with four dyes: light-green SF yellowish (LGSF), copper(II)phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonic acid (E68), bromphenol blue (BPB), and Chicago blue (CB) dissolved in physiologic saline solution (PSS) at concentrations of 0.5% and 0.02%. PSS served as the control. Additional animals were treated with single injections of 0.5%, 0.02%, 0.002%, and 0.0002% ICG or 0.002% E68 into one eye. Adverse effects on anterior and posterior segments were evaluated by slit lamp biomicroscopy and ophthalmoscopy. Retinal toxicity was assessed by histology and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) quantification 7 days after dye administration.RESULTS: Eyes treated with 0.5% E68, 0.5% ICG, or 0.5% CB showed discrete staining of both cornea and lens not seen at lower concentrations or with other dyes. Histology revealed dose-dependent reactions after E68 administration. ICG 0.5% induced significant thinning of inner retinal layers compared with PSS. ICG 0.02% caused focal degenerative changes of the outer retina in three of seven eyes, whereas 0.002% and 0.0002% ICG did not. CB led to heterogeneous morphologic alterations. BPB- or LGSF-treated eyes showed normal retinal morphology. ICG at all tested concentrations induced significant RGC loss, as did E68 at 0.5% but not at lower concentrations.CONCLUSIONS: BPB or LGSF produced no significantly detectable toxic effects on the retina in vivo. The safety of these new dyes must be established in other models and/or in preclinical studies before the clinical use of any of these dyes.

KW - Animals

KW - Azo Compounds/toxicity

KW - Basement Membrane/surgery

KW - Bromphenol Blue/toxicity

KW - Cell Count

KW - Choroid/drug effects

KW - Coloring Agents/toxicity

KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug

KW - Epiretinal Membrane/surgery

KW - Indoles/toxicity

KW - Injections

KW - Lissamine Green Dyes/toxicity

KW - Male

KW - Organometallic Compounds/toxicity

KW - Pigment Epithelium of Eye/drug effects

KW - Rats

KW - Rats, Inbred BN

KW - Retina/drug effects

KW - Retinal Ganglion Cells/drug effects

KW - Retinal Perforations/surgery

KW - Trypan Blue

KW - Vitreous Body

U2 - 10.1167/iovs.06-0211

DO - 10.1167/iovs.06-0211

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 16877431

VL - 47

SP - 3573

EP - 3578

JO - INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI

JF - INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI

SN - 0146-0404

IS - 8

ER -