The impact of social stress on self-esteem and paranoid ideation
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The impact of social stress on self-esteem and paranoid ideation. / Kesting, Marie-Luise; Bredenpohl, Marcel; Klenke, Julia; Westermann, Stefan; Lincoln, Tania M.
in: J BEHAV THER EXP PSY, Jahrgang 44, Nr. 1, 03.2013, S. 122-8.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz › Forschung › Begutachtung
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The impact of social stress on self-esteem and paranoid ideation
AU - Kesting, Marie-Luise
AU - Bredenpohl, Marcel
AU - Klenke, Julia
AU - Westermann, Stefan
AU - Lincoln, Tania M
N1 - Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PY - 2013/3
Y1 - 2013/3
N2 - BACKGROUND: Vulnerability-stress models propose that social stress triggers psychotic episodes in high risk individuals. Previous studies found not only stress but also a decrease in self-esteem to precede the formation of delusions. As evidence for causal conclusions has not been provided yet, the present study assessed the direct impact of social stress on paranoid beliefs using an experimental design and considered a decrease in self-esteem as a mediator and the proneness to psychosis and paranoia as moderators of the effect.METHODS: A nonclinical population sample (n = 76) was randomly assigned to an experimental (EG) or a control group condition (CG). In the EG, participants were excluded during a virtual ball game (Cyberball) by the other two players and received a negative feedback after performing a test. The CG was included in the game and received a neutral feedback. Before and after the experimental conditions, emotions, self-esteem and paranoid beliefs were assessed using state-adapted questionnaires.RESULTS: After the social stress induction, the EG reported a higher increase in subclinical paranoid beliefs compared to the CG. The impact of social stress on paranoid ideation was mediated by a decrease in self-esteem and moderated by proneness to paranoia. Individuals who felt distressed by paranoid thoughts at baseline were more likely to react with an increase in paranoid ideation under social stress.LIMITATIONS: The results need to be confirmed in a patient sample to draw conclusions about the processes involved in the formation of delusions in clinically relevant stages.CONCLUSIONS: The impact of social stress on symptom formation and self-esteem is discussed in terms of recent models of symptom formation and interventions in psychosis.
AB - BACKGROUND: Vulnerability-stress models propose that social stress triggers psychotic episodes in high risk individuals. Previous studies found not only stress but also a decrease in self-esteem to precede the formation of delusions. As evidence for causal conclusions has not been provided yet, the present study assessed the direct impact of social stress on paranoid beliefs using an experimental design and considered a decrease in self-esteem as a mediator and the proneness to psychosis and paranoia as moderators of the effect.METHODS: A nonclinical population sample (n = 76) was randomly assigned to an experimental (EG) or a control group condition (CG). In the EG, participants were excluded during a virtual ball game (Cyberball) by the other two players and received a negative feedback after performing a test. The CG was included in the game and received a neutral feedback. Before and after the experimental conditions, emotions, self-esteem and paranoid beliefs were assessed using state-adapted questionnaires.RESULTS: After the social stress induction, the EG reported a higher increase in subclinical paranoid beliefs compared to the CG. The impact of social stress on paranoid ideation was mediated by a decrease in self-esteem and moderated by proneness to paranoia. Individuals who felt distressed by paranoid thoughts at baseline were more likely to react with an increase in paranoid ideation under social stress.LIMITATIONS: The results need to be confirmed in a patient sample to draw conclusions about the processes involved in the formation of delusions in clinically relevant stages.CONCLUSIONS: The impact of social stress on symptom formation and self-esteem is discussed in terms of recent models of symptom formation and interventions in psychosis.
KW - Adolescent
KW - Adult
KW - Analysis of Variance
KW - Emotions/physiology
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Models, Statistical
KW - Paranoid Disorders/diagnosis
KW - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
KW - Reproducibility of Results
KW - Self Concept
KW - Stress, Psychological/complications
KW - Surveys and Questionnaires
KW - User-Computer Interface
KW - Young Adult
U2 - 10.1016/j.jbtep.2012.07.010
DO - 10.1016/j.jbtep.2012.07.010
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 22960709
VL - 44
SP - 122
EP - 128
JO - J BEHAV THER EXP PSY
JF - J BEHAV THER EXP PSY
SN - 0005-7916
IS - 1
ER -