Shaping the dynamics of a bidirectional neural interface
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Shaping the dynamics of a bidirectional neural interface. / Vato, Alessandro; Semprini, Marianna; Maggiolini, Emma; Szymanski, Francois D; Fadiga, Luciano; Panzeri, Stefano; Mussa-Ivaldi, Ferdinando A.
in: PLOS COMPUT BIOL, Jahrgang 8, Nr. 7, 2012, S. e1002578.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz › Forschung › Begutachtung
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Shaping the dynamics of a bidirectional neural interface
AU - Vato, Alessandro
AU - Semprini, Marianna
AU - Maggiolini, Emma
AU - Szymanski, Francois D
AU - Fadiga, Luciano
AU - Panzeri, Stefano
AU - Mussa-Ivaldi, Ferdinando A
PY - 2012
Y1 - 2012
N2 - Progress in decoding neural signals has enabled the development of interfaces that translate cortical brain activities into commands for operating robotic arms and other devices. The electrical stimulation of sensory areas provides a means to create artificial sensory information about the state of a device. Taken together, neural activity recording and microstimulation techniques allow us to embed a portion of the central nervous system within a closed-loop system, whose behavior emerges from the combined dynamical properties of its neural and artificial components. In this study we asked if it is possible to concurrently regulate this bidirectional brain-machine interaction so as to shape a desired dynamical behavior of the combined system. To this end, we followed a well-known biological pathway. In vertebrates, the communications between brain and limb mechanics are mediated by the spinal cord, which combines brain instructions with sensory information and organizes coordinated patterns of muscle forces driving the limbs along dynamically stable trajectories. We report the creation and testing of the first neural interface that emulates this sensory-motor interaction. The interface organizes a bidirectional communication between sensory and motor areas of the brain of anaesthetized rats and an external dynamical object with programmable properties. The system includes (a) a motor interface decoding signals from a motor cortical area, and (b) a sensory interface encoding the state of the external object into electrical stimuli to a somatosensory area. The interactions between brain activities and the state of the external object generate a family of trajectories converging upon a selected equilibrium point from arbitrary starting locations. Thus, the bidirectional interface establishes the possibility to specify not only a particular movement trajectory but an entire family of motions, which includes the prescribed reactions to unexpected perturbations.
AB - Progress in decoding neural signals has enabled the development of interfaces that translate cortical brain activities into commands for operating robotic arms and other devices. The electrical stimulation of sensory areas provides a means to create artificial sensory information about the state of a device. Taken together, neural activity recording and microstimulation techniques allow us to embed a portion of the central nervous system within a closed-loop system, whose behavior emerges from the combined dynamical properties of its neural and artificial components. In this study we asked if it is possible to concurrently regulate this bidirectional brain-machine interaction so as to shape a desired dynamical behavior of the combined system. To this end, we followed a well-known biological pathway. In vertebrates, the communications between brain and limb mechanics are mediated by the spinal cord, which combines brain instructions with sensory information and organizes coordinated patterns of muscle forces driving the limbs along dynamically stable trajectories. We report the creation and testing of the first neural interface that emulates this sensory-motor interaction. The interface organizes a bidirectional communication between sensory and motor areas of the brain of anaesthetized rats and an external dynamical object with programmable properties. The system includes (a) a motor interface decoding signals from a motor cortical area, and (b) a sensory interface encoding the state of the external object into electrical stimuli to a somatosensory area. The interactions between brain activities and the state of the external object generate a family of trajectories converging upon a selected equilibrium point from arbitrary starting locations. Thus, the bidirectional interface establishes the possibility to specify not only a particular movement trajectory but an entire family of motions, which includes the prescribed reactions to unexpected perturbations.
KW - Animals
KW - Calibration
KW - Deep Brain Stimulation
KW - Electron Transport Complex IV/analysis
KW - Evoked Potentials, Motor/physiology
KW - Histocytochemistry
KW - Male
KW - Models, Neurological
KW - Motor Cortex/physiology
KW - Neurons/physiology
KW - Neurophysiology
KW - Rats
KW - Rats, Long-Evans
KW - Somatosensory Cortex/physiology
KW - Staining and Labeling/methods
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002578
DO - 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002578
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 22829754
VL - 8
SP - e1002578
JO - PLOS COMPUT BIOL
JF - PLOS COMPUT BIOL
SN - 1553-734X
IS - 7
ER -