The purpose of the present study was to analyse the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a multifactorial fall preven-tion programme in nursing home residents in a real-world setting. The adjusted relative risk of a femoral fracture was 0.82 (95% CI 0.72-0.93) in residents exposed to the fall and fracture prevention programme compared to residents from the control group. Given a willingness-to-pay of 50 000 EUR per year free of femoral fractures from a payer perspective the probability that the intervention is cost-effective was 83%.